Hollow-chisel mortising-machine.



PATENTED APR. 5, 1904.

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IIIIII H. S. SPENCER.

APPLICATION FILED DEG- 4. 1903.

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HOLLOW CHISEL MORTISING MACHINE.

N0 MODEL.

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H. S. SPENCER. HOLLOW CHISEL MORTISING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG- 4, 1903.

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PATBNTBD APR. 5, 1904.

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HOLLOW CHISEL MORTISING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 4. 1903.

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71 zmu/ww Patented April 5, 1904.

UNTTEE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY S. SPENCER, OF NORWVOOD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO J. A. FAY&

EGAN COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF 7 WEST VIRGINIA.

HOLLOW-CHISEL MORTISING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 756,725, dated April 5,1904.

Application filed December 4, 1903. Serial No. 183,693. (No model.)

To all whom it rmty concern:

Be itknown that I, HARRY S. SPENCER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Norwood, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Hollow-ChiselMortising-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to hollow-chisel mortising-machines, and has forits object the providing in a machine of this character of novel meansfor imparting to the auger and chisel a rapid reciprocation with a slowfeed and quick return and in novel means for arresting the reciprocationof the chisel-ram; and the invention will be readily understood from thefollowing description and claims, and from the drawings, in which Figure1 is a side elevation of my improved device. Fig. 2 is a front elevationof the same. Fig. 3isa rear elevation of the same. Fig. iis a section onthe line a; of Fig. 3, showing the pitman mechanism for reciprocatingthe hollow-chisel ram. Fig. 5 is a detail in side elevation and partlyin section on the line 3 y of Fig. 6, showing the clutch mechanism forthrowing the hollow-chisel ram in and out of operation. Fig. 6 is a planview of the same, partly broken away. Fig. 7 is a detail in section onthe line 2 .2 of Fig. 2, showing the means for adjusting the bearing ofthe augerspindle extension; and Fig. 8 is'a detail on the line 00 cc ofFig. 3, showing the connection between the elliptical gear and itssliding shaft.

The frame 1 supports a carriage 2 movable forward and back orlongitudinally of the frame on ways 3, antifriction-rollers 4: relievingfriction. (See Figs. 1 and 4:.) A gib 5, adjusted by bolts 6, isprovided for taking up lost motion and wear. The carriage has a stud 7secured thereto, a pinion 8 being journaled on the stud and meshing arack 9 on the frame for shifting the carriage longitudinally of theframe. The enlarged hub of the pinion has pilots 10 for turning thepinion, or a handwheel or other turning agency may be provided for thepurpose. The outer end of the stud is screw-threaded and receives aclamping-nut 11, having a weighted lever 12 and clamping the pinionrigidly with relation to the carriage and rack for locking the carriagein position. A slight turn of the nut serves to release the pinion,permitting it to be turned, and the weighted lever on the nut preventsturning of the nut after the lever has dropped to hanging position uponrelease from its clamping or frictional contact with the pinion. Thecarriage has a hollow-chisel ram 15 slidable up and down thereon in ways16, the ram being reciprocated in manner hereinafter explained.

A suitable table is provided for supporting the stock'or material to beoperated upon, which table may be of any suitable construction andarranged to be shifted by hand or power. I have shown a table 21supporting the stock shown at 22, the table slidable from side to sideor transversely of the frame in ways 23 on a bracket 2 L adjustablevertically on the frame on ways 25 by means of a threaded adjusting-rod26. The table has a rack 27, with which a pinion 28 on a shaft 29,journaled in the bracket, engages for shifting the table transversely ofthe frame, thereby bringing any part of the length of the stock underthe hollow chisel, the shifting of the carriage 2 longitudinally of theframe permitting the chisel to be positioned at any desirable pointtransversely of the stock. The movement of the table transversely of theframe and the movement of the carriage longitudinally of the frame makeany part of the stock accessible to the chisel.

The hollow chisel31 is arranged to be stationarily secured with relationto the ram by being received in a socket 32, in which it is clamped by aset-bolt 33. A spindle 34 is journaled in a bearing 35 on-the ram andhas an anger 36 rigidly secured thereto by a setbolt 37, the augerturning within the hollow of the chisel and the spindle being heldagainst longitudinal movement in the bearing, the spindle, however,reciprocating with the hollow chisel and ram. The spindle is turned bymeans of a shaft 4.1, journaled in bearings 42 i3 on the carriage andhaving a pulley 4A and bevel-gear 4.5 secured thereto. The bevelgear 45meshes a bevel-gear 46, journaled in a bearing 47. The upper end of thespindle is extended, as shown at 48, and projects through the bevel-gear46 and abearing 49, the spindle and bevel-gear 46 being splinedtogether, as shown at 50, or the connection between the spindle and boreof the bevel-gear may be angular in cross-section for causing the gearand spindle to rotate together while permitting longitudinal movement ofthe spindle in the gear. Each of the bearings 47 49 has set-bolts 53taking therethrough, the bolts of said respective bearings takingagainst faces 54 on the carriage for adjusting the bearings accuratelyinto line with the bearing 35 and the spindle, clampingbolts 55 takingthrough the bearings 47 49 into the carriage for clamping said bearingsin place. This provides convenient means for accurately alining thebearings and spindle. The bearings 47 49 may be held between flanges 5657, extending from the carriage. Gibs 59 60 take between the ram andcarriage, set-bolts 61 alining the gibs, thereby providing alinement ofthe ram with the carriage in the ways 16. Bolts 62, taking throughslightly-slotted apertures in the gibs and into the carriage, hold thegibs in place. Stops 63 64 are arranged to be clamped adjustably on rod65, supported in brackets 66 67, extending from the frame, a lug 68,extending from the carriage, being arranged to strike the stops forlimiting the forward and backward movement of the carriage.

For reciprocating the hollow-chisel ram a shaft 7 0 is journaled in abearing 71 on a crossgirt 72 of the carriage. The shaft carries acrank-plate 73, having a crank-pin 74. A pitman 75 connects thecrank-pin with a crosshead 76, receiving a threaded rod 77. Thecross-head has a stud 7 8 for the pitman and the ram slides whenadjusted on the crosshead. The threaded rod has a bearing in the ram andhas secured thereto a spiral gear 81, with which a spiral gear 82,journaled in a bearing 83 on the same, engages, a handwheel 84 beingprovided for turning the said gears and the threaded rod; The purpose ofthis threaded connection between the pitman and the ram is to adjust thehollow-chisel ram up and down, so as to raise or lower the hollow chiseland its ram for accommodating different depths of cut. Thus the lowerthe position of the threaded rod in its cross-head the lower will be theposition of the hollow chisel with relation to the table. Acounterbalanceweight 85 is provided for the ram and is attached theretoby a rope 86, passing over a pulley 87 on the carriage.

A driving-shaft 91 is driven through pulleys 92 in manner hereinafterexplained. The drivingshaft has suitable bearings in the frame and has apinion 93 meshing a gear 94 on a shaft 95, also journaled in the frame,this latter shaft having a pinion 96, which meshes with a gear 97 on ashaft 98, also journaled in the frame. The shaft 70 hereinbeforementioned has an extension 99, shown angular in cross-section andextending through a sleeve 100, having a bore corresponding to thecross-section of the extension 99 for permitting longitudinal movementof the shaft while causing the shaft to rotate with the sleeve. Thesleeve is journaled in a bearing 101 on the frame and has an ellipticalgear 102 thereon. The sleeve may form the hub ofthis elliptical gear.The elliptical gear 102 meshes with a corresponding elliptical gear 103,secured to the shaft 98. These elliptical gears are so constructed as todrive the shaft 70 at alternately comparatively slow and rapid speedsfor imparting to the hollow-chisel ram a comparatively slow movementwhile the hollow chisel is entering the stock or performing its cuttingoperation and permitting quick withdrawal of the hollow chisel from thestock when it has reached its proper depth for returning the chiselrapidly preparatory to another cut. This construction also permits thesereciprocations to be very rapid, without shock or jar. It also gives apositive feed and quick return to the chisel with but few parts andpermitting compactness of construction.

For driving the shaft 91 from the pulley 92 I prefer to provide areleasable connection between the pulleys and shaft. The pulley 92 hasan internal friction-rim 106. Upon the shaft 91 is secured a clamp 107,having a hub 108 and a pair of clamping-plates 109 110. A collar 111 isloosely splined on the shaft and has a socket 112 for receiving andmoving the end of a lever 113. The clamping-plate has a pair of rods 114secured thereto, said rods projecting loosely through the clampingplate109. A yoke 115 takes loosely about the free ends of said rods, the endsof the rods being screw-threaded and receiving adjustingnuts 116. Thelever 113 has a pivotal connection with the yoke 115 at 117. A nose 118extends from the lever and is arranged to take against the plate 109.When the collar 111 is moved toward the clamp 107 the nose of the leveris forced against the plate 109, thereby forcing the clamping edges 119120 of the clamping-plates against the friction sides of thefriction-rim 106, the clamping-plates,

clamping-lever, collar 111, and the shaft being thereby caused torevolve with the pulley 92. Acounterweight 122 is provided for the clamp107.

For shifting the collar 111 I provide a lever 125, pivoted on a bolt126, screwing into a lug 127 on the frame, one end of the lever beingyoke-shaped and having pins 128, taking into an annular groove 129 onthe collar 111. A link 130 connects the lever 125 with abellcrank lever131, pivoted at 132, a link 133 connecting the other end of saidbell-crank lever with a lever 134, pivoted at 135 to the frame andhaving a handle 136 for operating the same. The collar 111 has acup-shaped recess 137, which is adapted to be received by thefriction-faces 138 of a plate 139, arranged to be rigidly secured withrelation to the frame, as by being secured to the lug 127, which lug maybe a part of the bearing 140 of shaft 91. The cup-shaped recess andplate form friction means for instantly stopping rotation of the driving-shaft 91, and consequently instantly stopping the reciprocation of thehollow-chisel ram, thereby putting the ram under immediate and definitecontrol of the operator. By the shifting of the lever 134: thereciprocation of the ram is immediately either started or stopped at anypoint in its upward or downward travel.

In my improved device the auger-spindle on the hollow-chisel ram isdriven by means of bevel-gearing from a shaft at right angles to thespindle, the latter having thereon a pulley. The parts of my improvedmachine are so constructed and correlated that the drivingbelt for saidpulley may pass from its source of power through the body of the machinefrom below without interference with any of the parts, so as to make anexceptionally compact structure and convenient and effective drivingmeans that subjects the machine to minimum strain. In my improvedconstruction the strain from the belt is directly toward the slidingconnection between the carriage and frame, subjecting that connection toleast strain.

The pulley M is adapted to receive a belt (indicated by the dotted line1 14) which passes thereover and through the aperture 145 in the rear ofthe carriage, the belt passing to either side of the shafts 91 95 98 inthe frame, thus having unobstructed passage through the carriage andmachine. To further my object, I place the driving means forreciprocating the hollow chisel ram at alternately varying speeds tooutside the frame, as shown by the position of the elliptical gears 102103. The belt takes over a driving-pulley 146 on a driving-shaft 1&7,suitably placed below the machine.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In ahollow-chisel mortising-machine, the combination of ahollow-chisel ram, an augerspindle rotatable thereon, and ellipticalgearing for reciprocating said hollow-chisel ram.

2. In a hollow-chisel mortisingmachine, the combination of a ramsupporting a hollow chisel and auger rotatable in the hollow chisel,elliptical gearing for reciprocating the ram, and a horizontally andvertically movable work-supporting table.

3. In ahollow-chisel mortising'machine, the combination of a ramsupporting a hollow chisel and auger rotatable in the hollow chisel,elliptical gearing for reciprocating the ram,

and means for instantly stopping said reciprocation.

4. The combination, in a hollow-chisel mortising-machine, of a frame, acarriage on the frame, a reciprocating hollow chisel ram mounted on thecarriage and arranged for supporting a hollow chisel, an auger-spindlerotatably mounted on the ram and arranged for supporting an auger insaid hollow chisel, a shaft, means between said shaft and thehollow-chisel ram for causing reciprocation of said ram, adriving-shaft, and elliptical gearing between said driving-shaft andsaid firstnamed shaft for alternately rotating the latter at diflerentspeeds.

5. In ahollow-chisel mortising-machine, the combination of a frame, acarriage movable thereon, a reciprocating hollow-chisel ram mounted onthe carriage arranged for having a hollow chisel attached thereto, arotatable auger-spindle journaled in the ram and arranged for having anauger rotatable in the hollow chisel attached thereto, a shaft andconnections on said carriage for reciprocating said ram, a pair ofelliptical gears for rotating said shaft, said shaft having a splinedsliding connection with one of said elliptical gears.

6. In ahollow-chisel mortising-machine, the combination of the frame, acarriage movable thereon, hollow-chisel ram reciprocating on thecarriage, a bearing on said ram, an augerspindle journaled in saidbearing, said spindle having an extension projecting beyond the ram,hearings on said carriage for said extension, bolts taking through eachof said lastnamed bearings and stepped between said bearings andcarriage, and other bolts clamping said last-named bearing to thecarriage, constructed and arranged for alining said lastnamed bearingswith said hollow-chisel rambearing.

7. In ahollow-chisel mortisingmachine,the

combination of ahollow-chisel ram and auger spindle journaled thereon, ahollow chisel 'secured to said ram and an auger in said chisel securedto said spindle, means for reciprocating said ram, elliptical gearingfor driving said latter means, a driving-shaft for said el-' lipticalgearing, a rotative agency loosely journaled thereabout, a collar takingabout said driving-shaft, a friction-clamp having connection with saiddriving-shaft for causing the clamp and driving-shaft to rotatetogether, said clamp operated by said collar to clamp said rotativeagency for causing rotation of said driving-shaft, a rigid part having afriction-face and said collar havingafriction-face engaging therewith,constructed and arranged for starting and instantly stopping thereciprocation of the ram, substantially as described.

8. In ahollow-chisel mortising-mach ine,the combination with a frame, acarriage movable thereon, a hollow-chisel ram on the carriage, anauger-spindle rotating thereon, means for reciprocating said ram,elliptical gearing for driving said latter means, a driving-shaft, arotative agency for rotating said drivingshaft, a friction-clamptherefor, a collar for said shaft, a connection between saidfrictionclamp and said collar, said collar having a friction-face and apart rigid with relation to the frame having a friction-face arranged tobe engaged by said friction-face on the collar, and means for shiftingsaid collar for causing engagement either between said frictionclamp androtating agency for rotating the driving-shaft or engagement betweensaid collar and said named part having the frictionface rigid withrelation to the frame for stopping the shaft, substantially asdescribed.

9. Inahollow-chisel mortisingmachine,the combination of the frame,movable carriage, hollow-chisel ram having rotating auger-spindlethereon, means for reciprocating said ram, elliptical gearing fordriving said latter means, a driving-shaft for said elliptical gearing,a pulley loosely mounted on said driving-shaft and having an innerflange, a pair of clamping-plates secured to said shaft, a yoke havingconnection with one of said plates, said connection projecting looselypast the other of said plates, a lever pivoted on said yoke and having anose bet ween its pivot and said last-named plate, a collar havingconnection with said lever for shifting the same, said collar havingconnection with said shaft for permitting longitudinal movement thereonand causing rotation therewith, said collar having a friction-face and apart rigid with relation to the frame having a friction-face arranged tobe engaged by said latter frictionface, and means for shifting thecollar for starting and stopping the reciprocation of the hollow-chiselram, substantially as described.

10. In a hollow-chisel mortising-machine, the combination of the frame,movable carriage, hollow-chisel ram having rotating auger-spindlethereon, a driving-shaft, a pulley loosely mounted on said driving-shaftand having an inner flange, a pair of clam ping-plates secured to saidshaft, a yoke having connection with one of said plates, said connectionprojecting loosely past the other of said plates, a lever pivoted onsaid yoke and having anose between its pivot and said last-named plate,a collar having connection with said lever for shifting the same, saidcollar having connection with said shaft for permitting longitudinalmovement thereon and causing rotation therewith, said collar having afriction-face and a part rigid with relation to the frame having afriction-face arranged to be engaged by said latter friction-face, andmeans for shifting the collar, an intermediate shaft, means bespindlejournaled on said ram, a crank-shaft, a

cross-head, a threaded rod connecting said ram and cross-head forshifting said ram, a pitman between said cross-head and crank of thecrankshaft, a driving-shaft, a pair of elliptical gears between saiddriving-shaft and crank-shaft, and a slidable connection between one ofsaid elliptical gears and said crank-shaft constructed forv rotatingsaid shaft, substantially as described.

12. In a hollow-chisel mortisingmachine, the combination of ahollow-chisel ram, an auger-spindle rotatable thereon, a shaft for theaugerspindle at right angles to the latter, bevel-gearing formingdriving connection between said shaft and spindle, a pulley on saidshaft, means for reciprocating the hollowchisel ram, a shaft in a planebelow said latter means and in vertical plane with the machine,

a pulley thereon, and constructed and arranged hollow-chisel ram, ashaft in a plane below said latter means and in vertical plane with themachine, a pulley thereon, and constructed and arranged for passing abelt directly between said named pulleys, substantially as described.

14. In a hollow-chisel mortising-machine, the combination with theframe, carriage, hollow-chisel ram and auger-spindle on the latter, ofelliptical gearing located outside the machine frame impartingalternately varying speeds for reciprocating the hollow-chisel ram, apulley for the auger-spindle, a second pulley, and constructed andarranged for permitting a belt to be passed between said pulleys andthrough the carriage.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name hereto in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

HARRY S. SPENCER. Witnesses:

J oHN. F. KRENKEL, JOHN J. TIGHE.

